② 观点不能过于宽泛 E.g. 3 --- Making friends online is helpful. 观点过于宽泛可改为 --- Making friends online is helpful in broadening our friend circle. ② 观点不能重复E.g. 4 The Importance of Keeping a Good Mood --- The first reason is that we need to keep a good mood. 观点过于重复可将其具体化为 ---Firstly we need to keep a good mood to build harmonious interpersonal relationship. ---We need to keep a good mood first to keep us healthy both physically and mentally. Exercises 1. Cellphone is very important to our life. means of communication/ entertainment way of getting information 2. Women's role is more difficult to play than that of men. constant physical troubles social troubles ③ 分主题要有足够的概括性 非论证过程或详细的描写 E.g. 5 ---Firstly the most popular function of a cellphone is that we can send SMS to fulfill an instant contact with others. 观点为具体细节非命题形式的论点可改为 --- Firstly communication is the most popular function of a cellphone. We can send SMS to fulfill an instant contact with others anywhere and at ay time. E.g. 6 --- First a 100-year-old man was reported to do physical exercise every day. He said that it is sports that make him stay healthy. 分论题为具体描述非命题形式的论点应作为论据论点可为 --- Physical exercise helps to keep ourselves healthy.。
② 观点不能过于宽泛 E.g. 3 --- Making friends online is helpful. 观点过于宽泛可改为 ---
Making friends online is helpful in broadening our friend circle. ② 观点不能重复
E.g. 4 The Importance of Keeping a Good Mood --- The first reason is that we
need to keep a good mood. 观点过于重复可将其具体化为 ---Firstly we need to keep a good mood to build harmonious interpersonal relationship. ---We need to keep a good mood
first to keep us healthy both physically and mentally.
Exercises 1. Cellphone is very important to our life. means of communication/ entertainment
way of getting information 2. Women's role is more difficult to play than that
of men. constant physical troubles social troubles ③ 分主题要有足够的概括性 非论证过程或详细的描写
E.g. 5 ---Firstly the most popular function of a cellphone is that we can send
SMS to fulfill an instant contact with others. 观点为具体细节非命题形式的论点可改为 --- Firstly
communication is the most popular function of a cellphone. We can send SMS to
fulfill an instant contact with others anywhere and at ay time. E.g. 6 --- First a 100-year-old man was reported to do physical exercise every day. He said that it is sports that make him stay healthy. 分论题为具体描述非命题形式的论点应作为论据论点可为 --- Physical exercise helps to keep ourselves healthy.
开头万能公式 1. 开头万能公式一:名人名言 有人问了,“我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?”,很好办:编! 原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧? 经典句型: A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” (适用于已记住的名言) It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. (适用于自编名言) 更多经典句型: As everyone knows, No one can deny that… 2. 开头万能公式二:数字统计 原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。
原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型: According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation. 看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造: Honesty:根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。
Travel by Bike:根据最近的一项统计调查显示,85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。 Youth:根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work?:根据最近的一项统计调查显示,98%的人同意每周五天工作日。 更多句型: A recent statistics shows that … 结尾万能公式 1. 结尾万能公式一:如此结论 说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。
也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子: Obviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others. 如果读者很难“显而见之”,但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了! 更多过渡短语: to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus 更多句型: Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… 2. 结尾万能公式二:如此建议 如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话,那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽! Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem. 这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢? 更多句型: Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken. 写作的“七项基本原则” 一、长短句原则 工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。
而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar. 如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记! 强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。 二、主题句原则 国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。
否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! 特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly. 三、一二三原则 领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… 如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。
考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。
1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) 2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) 3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) 4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) 5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推 荐) 6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推 荐) 7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强 烈推荐) 8)most important of all, moreover, finally 。
我们可以这样来激发第二段该写的对东西:
1。议论文:在第一段中我们以各种优美的句子作开头之后,第二段便开始以浅入深的形式转入论述的中心。
比如: 《通往心灵的路》
中华五千年悠久的历史创造了无数光辉夺目的成就,在这些成就中我最欣赏简单又蕴意深刻的文字。因为现代的人们用它学会了交流,打通了通往人们心灵的路。
交流可以传递温情。通过交流,子女可以明白父母对自己深深的爱,两代人的鸿沟也可以渐渐消除。通过交流,恋人间不再有秘密,坦诚相待,爱情更加坚不可摧。朋友间通过交流,可以了解对方的心事,与对方一起分担苦恼,让友情进一步升温。交流可以化解矛盾。
注意:在第二段里我们可以看到‘交流可以传递温情’,再看一下题目《通往心灵的路》就知道是先抓住怎样的通向心灵的路来点出接下来该写什么的,如第二句中‘传递’就是一个浅浅的出发点了,由作文中心论点抓住改写什么的你就从问题的起点考虑,最简单是上文中:母子的爱--恋人的爱--人类的心灵都是有简单到复杂,由亲近到疏远,由松到紧,由无关紧要到紧要。就这样的形式来帮助自己接着写第二段的明灯咯!
2。继续作文:在第一段中我们写着与上文相接的东西后,开始找论点来连接下一个开头,很简单的如:这只狐狸进了葡萄园偷吃葡萄后会有什么结局,你就展开引发,这样你就要开始继续下去了,就如这只狐狸进了院子里吃饱了后,它挖土出来了,或吃胖了出不来,或被主人杀了,就在第二段写它的状况和怎么个吃法等。
我拿篇文章来讲吧:
余香,幸运的人应该帮助不幸的人,却不知道每个人都有自尊心,即使是在他落难的时候,也应该从心底里发出一种同情心来帮助他。
爸爸曾说想在西部认养一个聪明点小孩,等他长大了,即使不懂得滴水之恩当涌泉相报,也起码会来看看我们,那也算是一种慰藉。但那时我害怕那个聪明的孩子会破坏爸爸对我的爱,破坏我幸福的生活,我坚决不同意。我是个自私的孩子,忘记了他们在不避风日的屋子里住着而我却是高屋暖枕。爸妈很多次告诉过我,做人要善良,虽然我们并不伟大,也没有很多钱,但是能做的事情我们还是得做。爸爸说我们是劳动人民的孩子,不能脱离劳动人民,只有深切体验生活的艰辛才能理解劳动。于是我们常常会去那些外地民工聚居的地方,吃那些带有地方特色的食物,那些东西对于我来说是从未体验过的美食,而他们,每天都要吃着这些廉价的东西。夏天当火辣辣的太阳照在头顶,最多就是再加一瓶冰啤酒。晚上当星星出来上班的时候,他们没有什么太多的休闲活动,无非是打打牌聊聊天。我不知道为什么干活最累的是他们,而生活最艰难的又是他们。也许这就是生活在社会的最底层的悲哀吧?我不由地从心底里产生一种东西,迫使我伸出手握着一个走过我身边的民工的手。我只想说,再你看到那些可怜的人们的时候,不管他们是不是装的,请伸出你的手,给他们一点温暖。毕竟,没有什么困难的人都不会想到要伸手向人乞讨。还有,如果你掉了零钱,一个穿着很破烂的人捡起来要还给你,千万不要拒绝,也别说不是你的,
因为他们不需要这样的同情。请伸出你的手,随时记着,你是善良的
注意:你会想到伸手能做什么能帮人,可以从怎么帮啊,帮来做什么开始写,第二段你就可以直接进入问题的中心要概述的了。我回想起的往事来说
总结:往往第一段都是天花玉凤的讲些优美的句子,不过要与自己写的相关点,而且在第一段结尾处要开始想到与第二段有关的词作结尾,有点意思的第一段结尾也可以引发第二段所接的内容,要接上第一得所得到的那件事的起由,记住:浅到深。来连贯出第二段
让我们更懂得体会原创~
段首句 1. 关于……人们有不同的观点。
一些人认为…… There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that ____. 2. 俗话说(常言道)……,它是我们前辈的经历,但是,即使在今天,它在许多场合仍然适用。 There is an old saying______. It"s the experience of our forefathers,however,it is correct in many cases even today. 3. 现在,……,它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。
首先,……;其次,……。更为糟糕的是……。
Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ____ Second,____. What makes things worse is that______. 【外语教育&网】 4. 现在,……很普遍,许多人喜欢……,因为……,另外(而且)……。 Nowadays,it is common to ______. Many people like ______ because ______. Besides,______. 5. 任何事物都是有两面性,……也不例外。
它既有有利的一面,也有不利的一面。 Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception,it has both advantages and disadvantages. 6. 关于……人们的观点各不相同,一些人认为(说)……,在他们看来,…… People's opinions about ______ vary from person to person. Some people say that ______.To them,_____. 7. 人类正面临着一个严重的问题……,这个问题变得越来越严重。
Man is now facing a big problem ______ which is becoming more and more serious. 8. ……已成为人的关注的热门话题,特别是在年青人当中,将引发激烈的辩论。 ______ has become a hot topic among people,especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way. 9. ……在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用,它给我们带来了许多好处,但同时也引发一些严重的问题。
______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.it has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well. 10. 根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出……。很显然……,但是为什么呢? According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph,it can be seen that______ while. Obviously,______,but why? 结尾句 1. 至于我,在某种程度上我同意后面的观点,我认为…… As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion to some extent. I think that ____. 2. 总而言之,整个社会应该密切关注……这个问题。
只有这样,我们才能在将来……。 In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ______.Only in this way can ______in the future. 3. 但是,……和……都有它们各自的优势(好处)。
例如,……,而……。然而,把这两者相比较,我更倾向于(喜欢)…… But ______and ______have their own advantages. For example, _____, while_____. Comparing this with that, however, I prefer to______. 4. 就我个人而言,我相信……,因此,我坚信美好的未来正等着我们。
因为…… Personally, I believe that_____. Consequently, I'm confident that a bright future is awaiting us because______. 【外语教育&网】 5. 随着社会的发展,……。因此,迫切需要……。
如果每个人都愿为社会贡献自已的一份力量,这个社会将要变得越来越好。 With the development of society, ______.So it"s urgent and necessary to ____.If every member is willing to contribute himself to the society, it will be better and better. 6. 至于我(对我来说,就我而言),我认为……更合理。
只有这样,我们才能…… For my part, I think it reasonable to_____. Only in this way can you _____. 7. 对我来说,我认为有必要……。原因如下:第一,……; 第二,……;最后……但同样重要的是…… In my opinion, I think it necessary to____. The reasons are as follows. First _____.Second ______. Last but not least,______. 8. 在总体上很难说……是好还是坏,因为它在很大程度上取决于……的形势。
然而,就我个人而言,我发现……。 It is difficult to say whether _____is good or not in general as it depends very much on the situation of______. However, from a personal point of view find______. 9. 综上所述,我们可以清楚地得出结论…… From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that____. 10. 如果我们不采取有效的方法,就可能控制不了这种趋势,就会出现一些意想不到的不良后果,所以,我们应该做的是…… If we can not take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable result may come out unexpectedly, so what we should do is_____.。
(一)段首句 1. 关于……人们有不同的观点。
一些人认为…… There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that ____. 2. 俗话说(常言道)……,它是我们前辈的经历,但是,即使在今天,它在许多场合仍然适用。 There is an old saying______. It's the experience of our forefathers,however,it is correct in many cases even today. 3. 现在,……,它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。
首先,……;其次,……。更为糟糕的是…… Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ____ Second,____.What makes things worse is that______. 4. 现在,……很普遍,许多人喜欢……,因为……,另外(而且)……。
Nowadays, it is common to ______. Many people like ______ because ______.Besides,______. 5. 任何事物都是有两面性,……也不例外。它既有有利的一面,也有不利的一面。
Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception,it has both advantages and disadvantages. 6. 关于……人们的观点各不相同,一些人认为(说)……,在他们看来,…… People's opinions about ______ vary from person to person. Some people say that ______.To them,_____. 7. 人类正面临着一个严重的问题……,这个问题变得越来越严重。 Man is now facing a big problem ______ which is becoming more and more serious. 8. ……已成为人的关注的热门话题,特别是在年青人当中,将引发激烈的辩论。
______ has become a hot topic among people,especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way. 9. ……在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用,它给我们带来了许多好处,但同时也引发一些严重 的问题。 ______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well. 10. 根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出……。
很显然……,但是 为什么呢? According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph,it can be seen that ______ while. Obviously, ______, but why? (二)中间段落句 1. 相反,有一些人赞成……,他们相信……,而且,他们认为……。 On the contrary, there are some people in favor of ___.At the same time, they say____. 2. 但是,我认为这不是解决……的好方法,比如……。
最糟糕的是……。 But I don't think it is a very good way to solve ____.For example,____.Worst of all,___. 3. ……对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的,(也是)非常重要的。
首先,……。而且……,最重要 的是…… ______is necessary and important to our country's development and construction. First,______. What's more, _____.Most important of all,______. 4. 有几个可供我们采纳的方法。
首先,我们可以……。 There are several measures for us to adopt. First, we can______ 5. 面临……,我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来……。
一方面……,另一方面, Confronted with______, we should take a series of effective measures to______. For one thing,______For another, ______ 6. 早就应该拿出行动了。比如说……,另外……。
所有这些方法肯定会……。 It is high time that something was done about it. For example. _____.In addition. _____.All these measures will certainly______. 7. 为什么……?第一个原因是……;第二个原因是……;第三个原因是……。
总的来说,……的主要原 因是由于…… Why______? The first reason is that ______.The second reason is ______.The third is ______.For all this, the main cause of ______due to ______. 8. 然而,正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样,……也有它的不利的一面,象……。 However, just like everything has both its good and bad sides, ______also has its own disadvantages, such as ______. 9. 尽管如此,我相信……更有利。
Nonetheless, I believe that ______is more advantageous. 10. 完全同意……这种观点(陈述),主要理由如下:I fully agree with the statement that ______ because______. (三)结尾句 1. 至于我,在某种程度上我同意后面的观点,我认为…… As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion to some extent. I think that …… 2. 总而言之,整个社会应该密切关注……这个问题。只有这样,我们才能在将来……。
In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ……Only in this way can ……in the future. 3. 但是,……和……都有它们各自的优势(好处)。例如,……,而……。
然而,把这两者相比较,我更倾向于(喜欢)……But ……and……have heir own advantages. For example, …… while…… Comparing this with that, however, I prefer to…… 4. 就我个人而言,我相信……,因此,我坚信美好的未来正等着我们。因为…… Personally, I believe that…… Consequently, I'm confident 。
1、常用与开头的短语、句式 (1) with the (rapidly)growing popularity of (computers/private cars) in China,the quality of our lives has been considerably changed。
(2) With the (rapid)growth of (our economy/population),many problems such as (water shortages/waste of energy/lack of professionals and chaotic management)are beginng to surface (3) With the development of (science and technology/market economy),more and more/an increasing number of people come to realize that … (4) Currently there is a widespread/serious concern over (illegal publication/drug abuse/negative influence of western cultures). (5) Nowadays ,a heated debated/discussion about…is under way in China .some people believe that …,whereas others argue that… (6) There are some reasons for owning (private cars/ personal computers).To begin with,…Next,…Last,…There are,on the oher hand,many reasons against it,First,…Second,…Finally,… (7) There are many advantanges and disadvantages in(owning a car). (8) There are various /at least three ways/possible techniques/problems/methods to do something。
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